Steel is one of the most widely used materials in civil construction, mainly as a reinforcement in reinforced concrete. The combination of concrete and steel provides a composite material that is highly resistant to both compressive stress (managed by the concrete) and tensile stress (managed by the steel). However, steel is subject to oxidation, a...
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon that represents one of the most versatile and used materials in modern industry. Due to its exceptional mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and ability to be machined into a wide range of shapes and sizes, steel is essential for numerous industrial and everyday applications. This article explores the...
Iron is a fundamental chemical element for life on Earth and one of the most abundant and used metals. It is essential for steel production, infrastructure construction and the manufacture of a wide range of industrial and domestic products. There are different types of iron, each with specific properties and applications. This article explores the...
Corrosion is the degradation of metallic materials due to chemical or electrochemical reactions with the surrounding environment. This phenomenon can lead to structural losses, failures in industrial plants and environmental hazards. Corrosion inhibitors are a crucial solution to mitigate these effects, protecting metals and prolonging their useful...
Filiform corrosion is a particularly insidious form of corrosion that occurs under protective coatings such as paints, enamels, or metallic coatings. This type of corrosion is characterized by the formation of thin, thread-like filaments that develop beneath the surface coating, compromising the integrity of the underlying metal and the protection...
Zirconium silicate (ZrSiOâ‚„) is a white, odorless powder, insoluble in water.
Kaolin is a silicate clay mineral with the formula Al2(SiO5)(OH)4 . In its natural state it is a whitish, soft and hydrophilic powder. It consists mainly of hexagonal kaolinite crystals with a typical size between 0.1 micrometers and 10 micrometers. The mineral may contain a variety of other minerals such as feldspar, muscovite, quartz and anatase....
Corrosion of steel pipes and related components is a continuous and almost unstoppable process. Even with the correct application of the available countermeasures, the costs for the management and controls, replacement and repair of corroded pipes are very high and turns out to be one of the worst problems in the industrial sector (but also in the...
Crude oil, as a mixture of hydrocarbons, is not inherently corrosive, however, there are often impurities and components present that could cause corrosion in pipelines and refinery equipment such as atmospheric columns, overhead lines, exchangers and condensers.
In the following article, advice and recurring errors in conception and development of products and their distribution on the market will be exposed.
A formulator, in addition to having intuition and developed theoretical knowledge, must above all be a good laboratory technician, able to easily handle substances, glassware and equipment. Furthermore, he must be equipped with organization and mental flexibility, since he will often find himself in situations where he will have to work...
Aluminum 1000 alloys are composed primarily of pure aluminum (about 99.5%) and small amounts of other elements, such as copper, magnesium and zinc.
